... Roselle and synthetic (N719) dyes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) application. Design/methodology/approach TiO₂ mixed with rGO were doctor-bladed on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate. The chemical and optical properties of TiO₂/rGO photoanodes immersed...

.../methodology/approach – The natural dye was extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle) by using distilled water as solvent. The extracted dye was mixed with 1 weight per cent hydrochloric acid and 5 weight per cent calcium nitrate to conduct the comparison study. The dye samples were than mixed...

... as coating films. Design/methodology/approach – The natural red dye was extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (roselle) flowers and mixed with 1 per cent hydrochloric acid, 5 per cent acetic acid, 5 per cent citric acid and 5 per cent oxalic acid. All the dye samples were exposed to heat...

.../methodology/approach Anthocyanin from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (roselle) calyxes was extracted by using distilled water and filtered to remove insoluble particle. Salts introduced into the extract were 5wt percent calcium nitrate, 5wt percent magnesium nitrate, and 5wt percent zinc nitrate. The solution...

.... and characterise the system. Design/methodology/approach Anthocyanin from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (roselle) calyxes was extracted using optimised water extraction method with ratio of calyxes to water being 1:2. UV‐Vis absorption spectroscopy was conducted on the anthocyanin extract to monitor its...