.... Conversely, during systemic shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic, firms tend to be more prone to earnings manipulation. Research limitations/implications This study indicates that financial fraud controls should include governance factors based on agency theory. Practical implications Boards...

... smoothing Content analysis Agency theory Signaling theory Risk disclosure Textual disclosures We use the global financial crisis as an arguably exogenous shock on overall risk in the economy to investigate its effect on managers' joint use of textual risk disclosures and earnings smoothing. We...

... Emerald Publishing Limited 2019 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Corporate disclosure is widely viewed by investors as an important corporate information release. Various theories such as agency theory and stakeholder theory argue that firms should use corporate...

... to the agency theory–capital structure discourse in an emerging country context where corporate governance system appears weak. China Corporate governance Agency theory Capital structure Internal governance Capital structure decisions are among the most crucial corporate policy choices made...

..., identifying the main theoretical frameworks used in the empirical research on the topic, as well as the main types of said research and its findings. Findings – Agency theory is identified as the main theoretical framework used. Two major types of research identified in the literature are discussed...

... governance literature. In the spirit of the agency theory, boards that have a greater proportion of independent directors are likely to be more effective monitors. As a consequence of their independence from the firm’s management, non-executive members can confront any self-interested actions...

... management Cash holdings Free cash flows Agency theory Empirical enquiry into the cash holdings of the non‐financial firms started from Vogel and Maddala (1967) who found that cash balances have tendency to decline over time, and larger firms tend to have lower cash holdings. Baskin (1987...