... is at its minimum. However, the concentration of the laser energy in a small beam diameter requires many scan lines to expose components, resulting in comparatively low productivity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether systematic defocusing of the laser beam can improve build rates and, thus...

... tangential directions of part surface gives surface smoothness. Vari-dimensional deposition maximizes material output to increase build rate wherever allowed and minimizes deposition sizes for resolution whenever needed. Findings Process steps based on geometric and data processing considerations were...