... then assessed in accordance with the ASTM guidelines. Tensile, flexural, impact, hardness and fatigue tests were used for mechanical characterisation, and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) was used to examine the fracture surfaces morphologically. To evaluate performance gains, the outcomes...

...” ( SEM ) and “artificial neural network” ( ANN ) was used. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from the Indian manufacturing SMEs. SEM validated hypothesised relationships, and ANN identified and ranked the most influential factors. Findings The outcomes show...

... 03 2025 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) FDM Mechanical properties SEM ANOVA MANOVA Plastics are indispensable and have become essential in contemporary society due...

... to alkali, hydrogen peroxide, stearic acid and ionic liquid treatments to modify surface characteristics before PLA 3D printing. The modification efficiency was assessed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Then, fused deposition modeling (FDM...