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In our admiration for the achievements of the civilizations of Greece and Rome and their legacy to western civilization, it is often forgotten that Rome's empire was won and maintained by brute force. Given its long domination of the Mediterranean basin and of the lands to the north of the Alps it was a matter of necessity for the Romans to establish a network of military fortresses to ensure the collection of tax revenues and prevent unrest among the local tribes. Many a schoolboy faced with reading the accounts of Caesar, Livy and Tacitus will be familiar with what happened...

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