...Huizhang Xu Purpose This study investigates the impact of flagship trains on high-speed railway capacity utilization and develops a brand value-oriented optimization framework that balances service quality enhancement with operational efficiency. Design/methodology/approach A mathematical...

... to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode Diverse demands Service pattern Service quality Continuous clustering The transition in China's economy, from rapid growth to high-quality development, has...