This paper aims to explore the application of the Metaverse in the construction industry through an in-depth literature review. It highlights the core enabling technologies and investigates how they contribute to creating immersive, intelligent and sustainable construction practices in line with Industry 5.0 ideals.
This study utilizes a systematic literature review methodology, examining 194 peer-reviewed articles published from 2015 to 2024. The papers were selected from top academic databases using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review centers on Metaverse applications, the foundational technologies involved and their influence on various aspects of the construction industry.
The results highlight the growing scholarly interest in the application of Metaverse technologies in the building sector, which has grown significantly since 2021. Key technologies identified include augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, extended reality (XR), building information modeling, Digital Twin, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology (BCT). These technologies facilitate real-time collaboration, immersive visual environments, secure data exchange and smart decision-making processes. Seven major areas of the construction industry – project management, architectural design, urban planning, construction education, civil engineering, energy management and supply chain coordination – are seeing a surge in innovation because of the Metaverse. Full integration is nevertheless hindered by persistent issues with data privacy, interoperability and regulatory uncertainty, despite its potential.
This study provides practical insights for industry stakeholders aiming to leverage Metaverse technologies for digital transformation in construction. It emphasizes the need for integrated frameworks, skilled workforce development and consideration of environmental and economic impacts.
This paper offers a novel synthesis of current literature at the intersection of Metaverse technologies and construction, highlighting research gaps and suggesting directions for future exploration. It contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of how Metaverse adoption can drive smart, sustainable and human-centric innovation in the construction industry.
