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Keywords: Minimum force
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Journal Articles
Journal:
Safer Communities
Safer Communities (2018) 17 (3): 145–155.
Published: 03 August 2018
... that spit hoods may weaken the concept of minimum force which is a cardinal underpinning of the concept of policing by consent. It has been stated that in formative years of new policing in the early nineteenth century, it was assumed that “there was an inverse correlation between the resort to physical...
