...-and-see” approach to avoid irreversible commitments. On the other hand, regulatory compliance and stakeholder scrutiny are high in Germany, and firms may proactively highlight engagement with green initiatives even when policies are unpredictable, using such actions to strengthen reputation and secure...

..., the nonlinear model reveals significant link. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses the linear ARDL approach of Pesaran et al. (2001) and the nonlinear ARDL approach of Shin et al. (2014) to assess asymmetric effects of exchange rate volatility on trade flows between Germany...

... with two exchange rates, a local and a global one in order to provide more evidence in this area of literature. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2010 Stock markets Equity capital Volatility Exchange rates United Kingdom Germany This paper uses the multivariate generalised...

... is calculated as follows: Equation 4 where, TD_i bank i's total loans; TD all sample banks' total loans. We can observe that concentration rate in Germany is much lower than the concentration rate of the US, which is around 20 per cent (Berger, 1995). Moreover, the extent...

... Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2007 Germany National economy Monetary policy Modelling seasonality in macroeconomic time series is a matter that still remains controversial. Traditionally, seasonal fluctuations have been considered a nuisance that obscure the more important components...

... is useful in explaining the variation in expected returns; and whether the findings can be explained by the turn of the year effect. Design/methodology/design Monthly stock returns and market values of all listed firms in Germany and UK covering the period 1991‐2001 from Datastream are used as the basis...