... Representation Co‐operative organizations Social responsibility According to Fairtrade International (FLO)'s 2010‐2011 Annual Report, “A major part of Fairtrade International's global strategy is to give producers and workers a stronger voice within the system. In 2010, we turned to our producer...

... the following definition was adopted by the social enterprise partnership (SEP) [4] : © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2012 Co‐operatives Social enterprise Mutuality Philanthropy Social economy Co‐operative organizations Social economics Social enterprise has emerged as a new way...

... goods or services does not necessarily matter (Dees, 1998). China Rural areas Social enterprise Co‐operative organizations Multiple resources Co‐operative trilemma Welfare partnership Previous research indicates the emergence of multi‐stakeholder co‐operatives (MSCs) in the west...

... appropriately. Conversely, the latter depend on subsidies from central government for approximately 80 percent of their revenue (Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, 2007). Co‐operative organizations Banks Community development Japan © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2010...

... received both theoretical attention (Tam, 1999 ; Johnson, 2006) and practical examination (Whyte and Whyte, 1991 ; Coad and Cullen, 2001, 2006 ; Ridley‐Duff, 2005). Co‐operative organizations Governance Social economics Entrepreneurialism © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2010...

... organizations in rural China: community economic co‐operative organizations, supply and marketing co‐operatives, and rural credit co‐operatives. The last two types had since the period of the commune system lost their resemblance to the orthodox co‐operative model. The first type developed further...

... was derived from “professional services”. This screened out manufacturing organisations to limit variability. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2009 Entrepreneurialism Business enterprise Co‐operative organizations Equity capital Assets The original motivation for this study...