... restrict their ability to capture dynamic forces accurately. Design/methodology/approach A dynamic compensation method based on the improved red-tailed hawk algorithm ( IRTHA ) is proposed. The algorithm uses sine–tent–cosine chaotic mapping to enhance population diversity and introduces a cosine-based...

... test are consistent, and the time and frequency domain characteristics of the identified dynamic mathematical model agree well with the actual measurement results. After dynamic compensation, the dynamic characteristics of the force sensor in the frequency domain are obviously improved...