... stable under limited-data conditions. However, challenges such as sensor drift, lack of standardized protocols and limited generalizability across sites persist. Transparency concerns, particularly with black-box models, further complicate adoption in regulatory settings. Originality/value...

... coupled with feature-rich time-series data enhances gas discrimination. Continuous learning frameworks show exceptional long-term stability, maintaining performance over multiple years despite sensor drift. However, the field still faces unresolved challenges, including reliable detection in complex gas...

...Lei Zhang; Xiongwei Peng Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a novel and simple prediction model of long-term metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensor baseline, and it brings some new perspectives for sensor drift. MOS gas sensors, which play a very important role in electronic...