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The six-sigma philosophy is a quality-focused program that requires process design that can accept twice the normal variation of±3 sigma in a process, even if the process mean shifts by as much as±1.5 sigma. Thus, the six-sigma approach to quality ensures that a maximum of 3.4 parts per million are defective in each step of the process (Kumar and Gupta, 1993).
The six-sigma concept addresses quality in all aspects of the business: products and services, manufacturing, administration, and operations. When Motorola first introduced six sigma, they combined the following key ingredients:
They went on to define the six-sigma...
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