...-group validity was also assessed by comparing a well-developed smart destination (Beijing) and a developing smart destination (Sanya). Smart tourism Destination smartness Intelligence Teleology Psychometric approach Scale development 智能旅游 目的地智能化 智能性 目的论 心理测量方法 量表开发 Turismo...

... systematically followed the scale development and validation process, using three samples (Sample 1, n = 200; Sample 2, n = 204; and Sample 3, n = 204) to establish the psychometric properties of the proposed PAGTD scale. Findings The validated scale comprises five dimensions, namely...

... with the methodologies of exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Findings The measurement scale developed in this study included seven dimensions: Accelerated Ecological Awareness, Individual Behavior, Rural Economic Development, Enhanced Living Standards, Talents...