...Nguyen Thi Minh Hanh Purpose This article develops an evidence-informed conceptual model for secure open and distance education (ODE) in Vietnamese prisons. It treats prison digital learning as constrained-access ODE for incarcerated learners and people preparing for release and examines its...

... ; Volchenkova, 2016). For this study, blended learning is viewed as a learning mode that is a combination of traditional F2F mode with digital learning mode. Four major models characterise blended learning (Bowyer, 2017 ; Christensen Institute, 2021). The four models are the rotation, flex, self-blend...