... schools, assessing whether these reforms mitigate or exacerbate existing inequalities. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods design integrates multilevel modeling, structural equation modeling and a causal difference-in-differences approach. Administrative census data were combined with platform...

..., which is essential for navigating the country's digital, economic, and sustainability challenges. Design/methodology/approach The eComplexity instrument was applied to a sample of 205 students from diverse disciplines. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with Diagonally Weighted Least Squares (DWLS...