The three case studies in this section present the use of distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) in diaphragm walls to assess bending during deep excavation. The first case study presents the instrumentation of wall panels in a deep circular shaft in which both bending and hoop strains are measured. The two other case studies, which were part of a series of projects with Crossrail Ltd to monitor ground response due to excavation and tunnelling works, deal with rectangular station boxes.

CSIC Partners:Thames Water Ltd, MBV JV, AECOM

Structure:Circular shaft – Diaphragm wall (see photo)

Location:London, UK

FO Installation date:September–December 2011

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