Chapter 8: Education of Hazara in Afghanistan: Schooling Under the Taliban Rule Again

What we know today as Afghanistan used to be part of the Khorasan province that was separated from Iran during the Anglo-Persian War of 1856–1857 (Standish, 1966). The British and other European powers had come to Iran and the Middle East in search of resources and dominance while Tsarist Russia was also expanding its borders. This war prepared the context for creating a buffer country between Iran and India as a way of keeping France and Russia away from British gains (Kamrany, 1982). The competition among the imperial powers came to be known as the “Great Game” (Jahangir & Javaid, 2018, p. 420).