A summary of more than ten years' experience in the validation of correlations between penetration test results (SPT, CPT, DMT) and stiffness of silica sands is presented. Correlations are presented and discussed based on the results from large calibration chamber studies. Results from penetration tests (SPT, CPT, DMT) in the well documented Po River sand are also presented. The importance of stress and strain history and the relevant strain level chosen to define the soil stiffness are emphasised and discussed.

  • INTRODUCTION

  • DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS

  • PENETRATION RESISTANCE VS. DEFORMATION MODULUS CORRELATIONS

  • EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES

  • COMMENTS AND CONCLUSIONS

  • REFERENCES

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