27. The use of bituminous materials with open structures in coastal engineering
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Published:1992
J. J. L. M. Kemps, P. C. Barber, 1992. "27. The use of bituminous materials with open structures in coastal engineering", Coastal structures and breakwaters: Proceedings of the conference organized by the Institution of Civil Engineers, and held in London on 6&8 November 1991, The Institution of Civil Engineers
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For decades, Engineers and Technicians have been aware that care must be taken when applying asphaltic surfacing to roads in wet conditions.
They are also aware of the flexibility and resistance to erosion of bituminous bank protection and the possibility of achieving imperviousness by using bituminous linings and cores for dams and reservoirs.
However all those applications are known in connection with the requirement to place such materials in the dry. This paper describes the development and application of bituminous products like Open Stone Asphalt and Lean Sand Asphalt that can be placed in wet conditions, even under water and provide a porous structure, well suited to hydraulic applications.
Synopsis
I: General view
II: Open Stone Asphalt (O.S.A.)
III: LEAN SAND ASPHALT (L.S.A.)
IV: Design with open bituminous mixtures
V: TECHNOLOGY
VI: DURABILITY
VII: EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS
VII: COASTAL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
IX: CONCLUSIONS
IX: LITERATURE
