The Development of New Applications for Sandstone Quarry Sand in South Wales

Approximately 1 million tonnes of sandstone quarry sand (SQS) are produced annually as a by-product of the South Wales quarrying industry. Around half of the material is used in various applications, but stockpiles of the remaining material are growing. The authors undertook a study to develop innovative applications for this potentially valuable material. SQS consists of approximately 85% sand-sized material and 15% silt and clay; it is well-graded, charcoal grey and very consistent in its properties. A literature review and market assessment were undertaken to identify applications. Laboratory tests were undertaken on promising applications and field trials on those where the laboratory tests were successful, including cycle path surfacing, block paving bedding sand and as a manufactured topsoil when mixed with compost The material performed well in these applications and a design guide for the utilisation of SQS was produced to enable the results of the research to be implemented.