Chapter 10: Emotional Intelligence (EQ) and Leadership Efficacy in Bahrain's Higher Education Sector: A Mixed-Methods Study

This research investigates the role of Emotional Intelligence (EQ) in effective leadership within higher education institutions (HEIs) in Bahrain, considering the growing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The study explores the relationship between EQ and leadership outcomes, and the attitudes of faculty and staff towards EQ in leadership roles, alongside AI's potential to enhance or disrupt conventional leadership practices. Utilising thematic analysis, graphical analysis and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), primary data were collected through surveys that covers leaders from 14 different institutions in Bahrain's higher education sector. Findings indicate that leaders with high EQ are valued for their communication skills, conflict resolution and teamwork, resulting in greater faculty and staff satisfaction and engagement. The analysis revealed a high awareness of EQ's significance in leadership success. While AI contributes to productivity and data management, the study concludes that EQ remains crucial in fostering confidence, trust and emotional understanding, maintaining organisational traditions amid technological advancements.