VALIDATING FROGS AND PONDS IN MULTI-LEVEL CONTEXTS: SOME AFTERTHOUGHTS

In this chapter we respond to Hofmann and Jones and Kim, who provided insightful comments on our framework for conducting multi-level construct validation. We specifically address issues surrounding the meaning, structure, and function of multi-level constructs, extending our framework for validation of within-person constructs, and frog-pond effects. In so doing, we hope to clarify further the process of validating constructs across multiple levels of analysis.