Table A1.

GenAI in Organizations.

Author(s) and YearStudy FocusKey FindingsRelevance to GenAI Adoption and L&D
Fui-Hoon Nah et al. (2023) Impact of GenAI on various sectors, including L&DGenAI is reshaping industries, work roles, and professional fields, enhancing training, content creation, and learning accessibility.Highlights the widespread adoption of GenAI across organizations and its role in L&D
Ooi et al. (2023) GenAI adoption trends in organizationsGenAI rapidly expands in businesses and public sectors, impacting employee roles and workplace structures.Supports the argument that GenAI is already in demand in workplaces and transforming organizational dynamics
Prasad (2023) GenAI-driven business modelsGenAI may influence new business models and drive innovation in various industries.Suggests organizational transformation through AI integration and potential shifts in L&D approaches
Table A2.

Organizational Culture.

Author(s) and YearStudy FocusKey FindingsRelevance to Organizational Culture and L&D
Chatman and O’Reilly (2016) Defining and measuring organizational cultureOrganizational culture lacks structural validity; norms can be categorized by content, consensus, and intensity.Provides a structured definition of organizational culture essential for understanding its role in L&D and organizational behavior
Li et al. (2021) Conceptual clarity on organizational cultureOrganizational culture remains loosely defined, limiting systematic research.Highlights the challenge of defining culture in a way that supports L&D initiatives and corporate strategies
Martínez-Caro et al. (2020) Impact of organizational culture on workplace dynamicsOrganizational culture influences employee behavior and adaptation.Demonstrates the connection between organizational culture and how L&D strategies are implemented
Koçak and Puranam (2024) Evolution and impact of organizational cultureCultural norms evolve over time and affect individual and organizational outcomes.Supports the argument that understanding cultural norms is critical for effective L&D practices
Table A3.

Technology Adoption Processes in Organizations.

Author(s) and YearStudy FocusKey FindingsRelevance to Technology Adoption and GenAI
Martínez-Caro et al. (2020) Organizational culture’s role in technology adoptionOrganizational culture significantly impacts the adoption and effectiveness of new technology.Demonstrates the importance of cultural alignment in implementing new tech like GenAI
Zaineldeen et al. (2020) User adoption patterns of emerging technologiesIdentifies factors influencing user acceptance and resistance to new technologiesProvides insights into how organizations can manage GenAI adoption effectively
Dube et al. (2020) Technology adoption frameworks (TAM, TOE, DOI)Explores key models explaining technology adoptionEstablishes a foundation for understanding how GenAI adoption follows existing tech adoption models
Prasad (2023) GenAI adoption in enterprisesIdentifies barriers such as cost, organizational resistance, and lack of norms for GenAIHighlights the need for structured adoption strategies and resource allocation for GenAI
Tolba and Mourad (2011) The impact of organizational culture on technology adoptionCultural factors (uncertainty avoidance, individualism) significantly influence innovation acceptance and diffusion in different waysProvides a framework for understanding how cultural dimensions can be leveraged to accelerate GenAI adoption through targeted strategies for different user segments
Table A4.

L&D Unit and Managers.

Author(s) and YearStudy FocusKey FindingsRelevance to Technology Adoption and GenAI
Sung and Choi (2014) Impact of L&D on organizational performanceL&D enhances knowledge transfer, engagement, and adaptability.Supports the role of L&D in fostering continuous learning and innovation
Aguinis and Kraiger (2009) Training investments and innovationOrganizations investing in L&D see increased innovation and problem-solving abilities.Demonstrates the strategic importance of L&D in driving business growth
Tannenbaum et al. (2009) Establishing a learning culture in organizationsLearning culture promotes knowledge sharing and continuous improvement.Highlights the long-term benefits of L&D for organizational development
Barratt-Pugh et al. (2020) Evolution of L&D in response to digital transformationL&D shifted from traditional training to digital learning, especially post-COVID-19.Shows how technology is reshaping the L&D landscape and learning methodologies.
Garavan et al. (2020) Organizational structure and L&D effectivenessL&D’s role is shaped by organizational size, structure, and strategic priorities.Explores factors influencing L&D implementation and challenges in different sectors
Martin et al. (2022) L&D’s impact on career developmentL&D integrates training, career growth, and organizational goalsConnects L&D with broader HR functions and employee career progression
Żur and Friedl (2021) Digital learning adoption in L&DThe COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use of online tools for corporate learning.Highlights the necessity of digital transformation in L&D programs
Prasad (2023) Technological adaptation in L&DSix significant factors influence GenAI adoption in organizations: compatibility, complexity, organizational size, regulatory support, environmental uncertainty, and competition intensity.Provides a framework for understanding barriers and enablers to GenAI adoption in an organizational context

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