..., and mathematics (STEM) courses reduces domestic students’ grades by 0.06 points on a 4-point scale. This effect appears to be primarily driven by the relatively higher latent math ability of international students, which intensifies competition within STEM courses. Despite this “crowd-out” effect on grades...

...Abstract The study analysed the impact of Chinese import competition on Zimbabwe’s manufacturing sector for two time periods (2009–2013 and 2014–2017). The study uses the Chenery type decomposition to evaluate the direct effects of increased Chinese import penetration on Zimbabwe’s manufacturing...

...Abstract In the globalised era, nation-states continually compete for an advantage in the global marketplace to strengthen their national reputation and economic growth. Competition provides nation-states with a route to funnel their socio-economic needs by transforming local products into ready...

... consists of full inclusion in the workforce. Careers promotions discrimination stigma performance evaluation proactive behavior job embeddedness competition Introduction Literature on job outcomes of people with disabilities (PWDs) is bleak reading. PWDs have lower pay levels, job satisfaction, job...

... and how the SDG2 Consortium developed this challenge and includes a case study from the winning student team. The chapter provides other higher education (HE) institutions with ideas for engaging students in innovation for the SDGs. Global competition student university hunger leadership Introduction...

...Abstract Competitiveness is an important personality trait that has been studied in various disciplines and has been shown to predict critical work outcomes at the individual level. Despite this, the role of competitiveness in groups and teams has received scant attention amongst organizational...

...Abstract Traditional studies in the sociology of science have highlighted the self-organized character of the academic community. This article focuses on recent interrelated changes that alter that distinctive governance structure and its related patterns of competition and cooperation...

...Abstract Organizations desire more accurate cost systems as competition increases, and consequently increase cost system complexity, as cost systems with greater complexity are potentially more accurate than simpler systems. However, even complex systems are prone to impactful inaccuracies...

...Abstract The competitiveness of companies and their capacity to join markets have changed as a result of the digital economy. One of the reasons the European Commission will revise the rules governing block exemptions for R&D agreements and begin consulting stakeholders in March 2022...

... needs to be done to create an adequate state aid regime. We propose measures to ensure the effective implementation of the state aid law. State aid market economy competition state aid commission grants tax exemption K19 K21 K23 1. Introduction 5. Conclusion Based on the findings...

... of the United States, which wants to push Russia out of the global gas market, which is a sign of external (global) economic competition between the United States and the EU, as well as a sign of internal competition within the EU: between Germany, which plays a leading economic and political role in the EU...

...Let us consider one of the most significant concepts – the concept of international competition by M. Porter. In Porter's opinion, the competitiveness of the national economy is determined based on the competitiveness of individual firms and industries and consists of four main determinants...

...Abstract Many companies use competition for either monetary or non-monetary rewards to induce employee effort. Pitting employees against each other in a competition could come at a thus far insufficiently considered cost of leading to lower employee cooperation. The authors examine how competition...

... nonbank competition, particularly from fintech and bigtech firms. Additionally, the results indicate that the emergence of financial innovation contributes negatively to the average value of bank patent, indicating significant competitive pressure on banks in the technological race. Thus, banks...

... such as cryptocurrencies are increasing in capacity of coins and in trading volume; in a crypto economy with an expanding market capital. This competition opens the possibilities to reform banking to adapt to new payments platforms such as blockchains with advanced features such as smart contracts. The proposed design...

... tariffs, there was significant differentiation in curriculum offer and they largely operated in distinct sectors of the market, with competition at the margins. The system was thus both horizontally differentiated, with different institutions focusing on distinct subject areas and modes of delivery...

...Abstract Organizations are reaching beyond typical firm boundaries to achieve competitive advantage. Human resource (HR) systems must simultaneously support alignment across the business ecosystem while acknowledging the benefits of disruption. The authors provide a fresh perspective...

... challenges due to the long history of neoliberal policies characterised by hierarchical and market governance that promotes competition over collaboration among schools. Using Hood’s (1998) cohesion/regulation matrix, the Chilean education system can be characterized as fatalist, where cooperation among...

... in mind that cultures that work together hold the prospect of long-term impact that is not dependent on a few individuals but the whole team ( Hargreaves & O’Connor, 2017 ). Collaboration competence-based curriculum symposium Accelerated Learning Programme competition education policy...

... stock leasing companies (ROSCOs) and an infrastructure manager (Railtrack). Governmental control was provided by the Office of Passenger Rail Franchising (OPRAF), which organised the off-track competition, and the Office of the Rail Regulator (ORR) whose main role was to ensure fair and efficient track...