... 04 2024 02 07 2024 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only High temperatures Labor allocation Rural areas China Dependent variables related to labor allocation were obtained from two questions: “How many days have you...

... focus on the cohorts of youth that are in its education system today. When examining the situation of schooling in urban and rural China, it is clear that the greatest potential for raising human capital is in China’s rural areas. In China’s cities, the rates of educational attainment at both the upper...

... activities in China have become a noticeable problem. Self‐employment Wage‐employment Return migration Employment Rural areas China Assumptions about the disturbances (ε_{ij) determine the nature of the model and the properties of its estimator. We assume}...

... Rural China Project management Rural areas China In recent years, internationally, there has been a debate regarding what explains the differences in the quality of infrastructure that have been observed across regions around the world. For example, some scholars believe that project‐specific...

... that the concept of middle class is broadly equivalent to “Xiaokang” in Chinese. According to NBS, the lower limit of income defining “Xiaokang” in 1991 was $2.24 per day in rural areas and $3.47 per day in urban areas in 2005 PPP, which are smaller than our lower limit of PPP$4. Using the “Xiaokang” concept...

... This article originally appeared in Volume 2 No. 2, 2010, China Agricultural Economic Review Outstanding Reviewer Ruihua Yang, China Agricultural University, People’s Republic of China © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2012 --> Labour market Young adults Rural...

... Rural areas With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, questions have been raised about the use of chemical fertilizers in China. For example, Guo et al. (2010) provided evidence of significant acidification of Chinese croplands during to excessive use of chemical...

... China Rural areas Public policy Production planning and control Since the initiation of China's economic reform and open‐door policy in the late 1970s, China's economy has been experiencing rapid growth. Chinese farmers have benefited from the fast economic development and there have been...

... to strengthen infrastructure construction and improve public services in rural areas, but the economic situation and social transformation have to be taken into account. The government has increased investment in rural areas and rural infrastructure and social development have made a significant progress...

... in the paper is related to the future of China's rural labor transition and the whole economy. Labour market Young adults Rural areas Education Farms China Our survey finds that, even now, the young rural labor force is still generally poorly educated with regard to formal schooling. Among...

... Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2010 Health insurance Health services Consumption Rural areas Urban areas China China has experienced a three decade long fast economic development with an average annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth of about 9.5 percent and a significant...

... areas China Major infrastructure programs are transforming the rural areas of Western China by constructing new towns, health and education facilities, power and water, and road networks. Multi‐dimensional programs are also systematically developing rural villages. Despite the sweeping changes...

... finance China Rural areas In 1998, the Government of China made a formal presentation on the concept of public finances and set the fiscal reforms as a goal and direction for the future policy adjustment. From then on, the status of agriculture in the public finances has increasingly become one...

...Jiang Zhongyi; He Xiurong Purpose In recent years, the focus of the Chinese Government has deviated from economic growth to overall societal balance and harmony. One of the major policy adjustments is to strengthen the supply of public goods in rural areas and set up the rural cooperative medical...