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Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical support for managers and investors and help them to identify corporate investment decisions on research and development (R&D) rationally.

Design/methodology/approach

– Grouping and regression analysis are employed in the research.

Findings

– The paper finds that managers in firms with medium accounting performance and at the border of profit target are prone to manage earnings by real R&D transactions, namely reducing R&D expenditures.

Originality/value

– The conclusions are of great significance for innovation promotion in China.

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