... has been effectively reversed. Industry thrust has shifted from closed specifications, central innovation and domestic market to open specifications, distributed innovation and global networking. The old era is reflected by the classic Bell Labs; the new era by Nokia. Due to the alternation...

... needed for electronic commerce as well as issues of consumer and business trust. Given the global nature of electronic commercial transactions, both developed and developing countries are involved in framing rules at the global level that resonate and are credible with domestic conditions...

...Johan Lembke Provides an interesting illustration of the changing relationships between the European single market, on the one hand, and globalization on the other. States the development of mobile communications in Europe reflects an overall joint objective to maintain Europe’s position...

...David Wright Looks at initiatives in global liberalizations for satellite services, particularly at national and regional levels. Highlights GMPCS legislation with regard to The Philippines, South Africa, India, Canada, Australia and a member state of Europe. Further investigates licence fees...