ORGANISATIONAL LEVELS: A FRAMEWORK FOR MANAGEMENT TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

Training and developing managers in skills that enable them to deal effectively with the multiple issues within an organisation is a perennial task for management, trainers and consultants. There are many approaches to the issues of behaviour in organisations and organisation development on which such training could be based. One approach, developed by Rashford and Coghlan, articulates and links the different levels of behaviour through the concept of organisational levels. Their use of the construct differs from the common use of organisational levels in organisational behaviour and organisation development texts. This article describes how this paradigm was used in management development courses in the United States.