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Subject

Germany-France relations.

Significance

After Brexit, Germany and France’s relative power in EU institutions will increase, while their leaders are committed to strengthening the Franco-German alliance as evidenced by the signing of the Treaty of Aachen in January. However, domestic politics and the notion of German-French ‘dominance’ will make it more difficult for two of the EU’s founding members to shape its future.

Impacts

Accounting for 85% of the EU’s GDP and 76% of its population after Brexit, the euro-area will be more centralised and dominant at EU level.

Perspectives on the EU will become increasingly present in national debates and elections.

Political fragmentation in the EU will undermine Brussels’ position on global issues.

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