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Significance

The breakthrough agreement with the EU, signed on September 15, came after environmental and consumer lobbied for Indonesia to staunch the world's highest rate of deforestation.

Impacts

Indonesia should reap an economic dividend as the preferred EU source of hardwood timbers.

Other markets will likely seek similar pacts, pressuring Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam also to comply.

The agreement will test the credibility of Indonesian legal and regulatory institutions.

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