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Significance

As German Chancellor Angela Merkel predicted, her October 19 meeting with her Russian, Ukrainian and French counterparts did not produce a breakthrough. Nothing formal was signed, but the summit kept the Minsk 2.0 process alive and provided some clarity on implementation mechanisms.

Impacts

Lack of progress on Minsk 2.0 and Russia's actions in Syria reduce the likelihood of the EU lifting sanctions in January.

If Kyiv stalls on elections in the east, it risks provoking an escalation in fighting.

Moves to hold elections in the east would prompt a furious response from many Ukrainian parties.

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