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Significance

The threat of the sanctions had already caused a decline in oil exports, damaging the economy, although the announcement of waivers may prevent a further decline in the near term.

Impacts

The United States will adduce terrorism, rather than nuclear, threats to encourage European states to come onside.

Iran's military may grow more assertive in the region if Europe fails to offer meaningful assistance.

Europe and Iran’s key export markets will find ways around the sanctions unless Washington can push them hard.

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