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Significance

This text declares that China’s "stated ambitions and coercive policies challenge our interests, security and values", and that China "strives to subvert the rules-based international order, including in the space, cyber and maritime domains". It identified the "deepening strategic partnership" between China and Russia as "counter to our values and interests".

Impacts

Indo-Pacific states other than the core US allies will be cautious of NATO-aligned positioning with respect to China.

Some European governments will maintain independent policy agendas towards China, which may be inconsistent with stated NATO priorities.

European capitals will continue efforts to engage China, but will increasingly focus on security challenges too.

Washington will pursue coordination with allies on economic and technology policy vis-a-vis China through separate channels outside NATO.

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