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Significance
However, poverty alleviation is not irreversible. Severe climatic and natural disasters over the past couple of years, along with COVID-19 and heavy-handed policy responses to it, provide striking evidence of forces that are capable of returning the most vulnerable within Chinese society to poverty.
Impacts
China is likely to adopt a higher poverty line in the future.
Urban poverty will loom larger and become a more urgent policy focus.
Millions of Chinese will remain vulnerable to falling into (or back into) poverty due to ill-health, job loss or lack of opportunity.
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2023
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