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Significance

Kazakhstan’s economy has weathered well the turbulences created by the war in Ukraine. A new context for the country’s traditional aspirations to balance and diversify economic relations has emerged.

Impacts

As competition rises for critical raw materials, Kazakhstan will seek to exploit its assets for economic benefit and strategic relevance.

Commitment to fiscal rules may conflict with maintaining social spending if revenue developments are unfavourable.

The expansion of oil production at the Tengiz oilfield in 2024 will enhance the importance of diversifying export routes.

Opportunities will arise from Russia’s eastward reorientation of energy exports.

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