... Arabia. This ahistorical contention, however, flies in the face of the fact that her inferior position results from cultural and social constructions by men and not from formulations in sacred texts. Gender Leadership Women United Arab Emirates Social change Cross-cultural studies...

... in a transition context. The paper focuses specifically on economic and social changes that are occurring in Estonia following its reassertion of independence from the Soviet Union. Design/methodology/approach A contextual background to transition is provided and the recent history of Estonia is charted...