... ) , where ϱ is the electric conductivity and the Maxwell’s equations are as follows: Entropy generation Soret and Dufour effects Drag reduction Magnetized surface FENE-P model Convective boundary conditions FENE-P = Finitely extensible nonlinear elastic Peterlin...

... reduction. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of transpiration on heat and drag reduction. Design/methodology/approach A chemical nonequilibrium flow model with the transpiration is established by using Navier–Stokes equations, the shear-stress transport turbulence model...

...Xiaolong Yang; Zhuangzhi Liu; Yu Hu Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mechanism and performance of a potential strategy, which is to enhance turbulence to carry out drag reduction for heavy trucks. Design/methodology/approach Enhancing turbulence deflector (ETD...

... can be reduced greatly by slip and the highest value of drag reduction (DR) (67.63%) can be obtained. The highest value of the increase in averaged Nu (11.78%) is obtained by slip at Re = 40 with volume fraction φ=0.01, which shows that super-hydrophobic surface can enhance heat transfer by slip...

... Limited Licensed re-use rights only Cross-correlation Drag reduction Ground vehicle Real driving emissions test Wind tunnel measurements Yaw angle variation Environmental concerns lead the European Commission to adopt more realistic regulation procedures to measure impact of exhaust...

..., the Navier–Stokes equations can be written in the form of equation (3.2), while external forces like gravity are neglected: CFD PIV Car aerodynamics Car tyre Drag reduction Wind tunnel testing C_µ = k-ε turbulence model constant (-); d = IMP wind tunnel...