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what are tests? In this article I shall restrict the use of the word test to those measures of attainment, intelligence and aptitude which consist of questions to which there are right and wrong answers. I shall not be discussing here the use of questionnaires which measure a person's interests or personal qualities. The distinction between a test and a questionnaire is a useful one. If in an interests questionnaire a person was asked whether he would prefer to write a novel, to do research into chemistry or to lecture on mathematics, there is nothing right or wrong in preferring one activity to another. If, however, in a test of numerical ability a person was asked to subtract 76 from 135, 59 would be the right answer and all other answers are wrong.

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