...). At a community level and in the context of community participation and community engagement, Cole (2006 , p. 97) refers to this in her definition of empowerment as: […] the capacity of individuals or groups to determine their own affairs. It is a process to help people to exert control over factors...

... of their lack in skill and experience (Scheyvens, 2011). Thus, making tourism more beneficial to the poor requires knowing where and how to intervene (Zhao, 2009). Tourism cooperatives Poverty alleviation Community participation Sustainability Yunnan China As the world’s largest agricultural...