...Juan Sebastián Lara-Rodríguez Purpose This study aims to examine how political parties actively determine the enforcement of informal institutions of violence during peace processes, addressing whether governing parties shape coercive informal norms that perpetuate civil war or foster conflict...

... MPs from four political parties. Findings The analysis revealed four qualitatively distinct viewpoints: Turkish Nationalist view, Social Democratic view, Conservative-Religious view and Pro-Kurdish view. Originality/value This study contributes to the understanding of political parties...