...Juan Sebastián Lara-Rodríguez Purpose This study aims to examine how political parties actively determine the enforcement of informal institutions of violence during peace processes, addressing whether governing parties shape coercive informal norms that perpetuate civil war or foster conflict...

...Claus Langfred; Kaitlyn E. Ryan Purpose This paper aims to provide structure and insight to the relatively unexplored and undeveloped question of if, when and under what circumstances, violence might be considered an appropriate conflict resolution strategy. The topic of deliberate violence...