... management systems implemented by BEL is examined. These include Charter Mark, Service First, Investors in People, the Business Excellence Framework and the EFQM Excellence Model. A comparative analysis is undertaken between the findings of the authors and those of other academic writers. Conclusions...

... developed, and are using, holistic approaches to competency management. Finally, it concludes that although the approach to introducing competency management has, up to now, been fragmented, ad hoc and pragmatic central government pressure to adopt benchmarking and Investors in People personnel...