... regulatory demands, stakeholder expectations and competitive pressures. To establish a properly balanced TOE framework, it is necessary to cultivate environmental perspectives that equally consider regulatory, stakeholder and competitive elements rather than prioritizing regulatory compliance...

... Based on the technology-organization-environment ( TOE ) framework and dynamic capability theory, a theoretical model was developed. This study collected 384 samples from China’s HEIs and examined the theoretical model using the structural equation modeling technique. Findings The findings indicate...