... Scale development Exploratory factor analysis Confirmatory factor analysis In the rapidly expanding esports industry, the digital nature of platforms facilitates frequent exposure to sponsorship for viewers and participants (Huettermann et al., 2023). While many esports sponsorship...

... on government-public relationships scale development Study Domain Sample Original items battery Data analysis procedure Final items battery Final dimensions (number of items) Bruning and Ledingham (1999) Bank-customers relationship 183 bank customers (telephone interview) 24 items...

... a multidimensional scale from the host community perspective, which can provide academics and local organizers with a reliable and valid tool to assess Olympic psychic income. Sports marketing Scale development Olympic legacy Psychic income The potential psychological benefits associated with hosting...

... perspective. Spectator-based sports team reputation: scale development and validation Keywords sports team reputation scale development spectator trust RESEARCH PAPER Wonseok (Eric) Jang, Graduate Student, Department of Tourism, Recreation, and Sport Management, College of Health and Human Performance...

... and amusement. The findings show that these personality dimensions are related to attitudes towards sporting events, which in turn lead to positive sponsorship evaluation and favourable evaluation of the sponsoring brands. Sporting event personality: scale development and sponsorship implications Keywords...