Calibration for offline programming purpose and its expectations

Examines the background of off‐line programming for robots and the failure of many simulation robotics programs to become effective industrial robot programs. Looks at the need for the production cell to be identical to the simulation model and the questions to be considered for successful programming. Discusses the development and methods of robot calibration and the identification of errors. Concludes that with the development of dynamic control and measurements systems for industrial robot performance it has been possible to develop efficient methods to calibrate complete robotics cells under industrial systems.