...Vibha Venkataramu, PhD; B V Venkatarama Reddy, PhD Exploring the use of non-organic solid wastes from mines and mineral industries, such as metallurgical slags, and tailings as a replacement to natural sand in concrete can provide sustainable options to save the natural river sand reserves. River...

...G. K. Glass, MSc, PhD; B. Reddy, MSc, PhD; L. A. Clark, OBE, BEng, PhD, CEng, FICE, FIStructE, FREng Chloride-induced corrosion is a major factor affecting the durability of reinforced-concrete structures. However, a high tolerance to chloride contamination has often been achieved under laboratory...

...C. P. Atkins, BEng (Hons), PhD, CEng, MICE, MICorr; L. J. Buckley, MSc, PhD, CEng, MICorr, MIMMM; A. R. Foster, MEng; P. Lambert, BSc, PhD, CEng, FIMMM, FICorr The main cause of corrosion initiation in steel reinforcement within concrete is the presence of chlorides above a threshold value...

...H. A. Ghanem, MSc; S. Phelan, PhD, PE,; S. Senadheera, PhD; Y. A. Daou, MSc, PhD During freezing temperatures, ice accumulates on exposed concrete slabs such as bridge decks. De-icing salts such as calcium chloride are applied to control this ice formation. These salts migrate down...