Effect of a magnetic field on the dielectric properties of PLT–BNCFO composites

The main goal of this study is to analyze the magnetic, dielectric and magneto-dielectric characteristics of Pb_1− xLa_xTi_1− xO₃ (PLT)–(Ba_1−3 xNd_2 x)₄Co₂Fe₃₆O₆₀ (BNCFO) (where x = 0.25) composite materials T1–T3 sintered at various temperatures (1100, 1200 and 1300°C, respectively). An X-ray diffraction investigation was performed in order to pinpoint the creation of a U-type hexaferrite phase. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs reveal that sample T2 reached the maximum value of grain size and the largest experimental density value of 6.14 g/cm³ due to the intensified grain growth of the composite material. The magnetic investigations further indicate that sample T2 achieved the highest remnant magnetization, measuring 1.550 emu/g, revealing the suitability of the sintering temperature. The magneto-dielectric investigations demonstrate the presence of multiferroicity in all samples and show that sample T2 exhibits the highest magneto-dielectric response of 41.99 at 1.2 T and a magneto-dielectric coefficient (γ) of around 0.7609 g²/emu². Numerous metrics, including Nyquist plots, impedance, electrical modulus, dielectric constant and conductivity, were carefully examined in order to determine the electrical properties of the proposed sample. It was found that sample T2 produced enhanced results and had the right temperature for the substance to develop.