GIS-based drought assessment for water-sensitive urban planning in Anantapur District

Geographic information system (GIS) technological assessment of drought conditions is essential for water-sensitive development, especially in areas like Anantapur District in Andhra Pradesh. This semi-arid region faces severe water scarcity, worsened by weather patterns and farming methods. GIS offers a comprehensive method for assessing, visualising, and managing drought vulnerabilities, enabling targeted interventions. By evaluating the spatial distribution of drought vulnerability, GIS techniques facilitate the creation of spatial maps that highlight climate and environmental factors. The Weighted Overlay Tool of GIS generates a drought vulnerability index, incorporating variables like vegetation, soil moisture, and precipitation levels to provide a detailed understanding of drought effects. GIS modelling also identifies suitable sites for groundwater recharge by integrating successful water management practices. This study aims to enhance inter-district assistance and self-sustainability by mapping interventions to ensure efficient resource use. The results offer valuable insights to policymakers and urban planners, promoting sustainable development in Anantapur. In addition, the approach provides a replicable model for other water-scarce regions, aiding decision makers in resource allocation and infrastructure development to mitigate drought impacts.