From generation to generation – The use of commons in a changing society^☆

Forests offer a multitude of services, such as climate mitigation, food provision, biodiversity, timber provision, and recreation opportunities. However, this multiple-use of forests typically renders environmental conflicts, derived from the incompatible interests of stakeholders (German and Keeler, 2010a,b; Schmid, 2002). There is also a widespread discussion in the world that forests are used unsustainably, with deforestation as a result, especially in the tropical region. However, in the temperate and the boreal region, the trend seem to be the opposite (Gibson et al., 2000). In this region, the multiple-use of forests rather causes conflicts overuse, threatening...